Why Your Seeds Aren’t Sprouting (And What to Do About It)

Few things are more frustrating for a new gardener than planting seeds, watering faithfully, and then… nothing happens. If your seeds aren’t sprouting, don’t give up! Here’s how to troubleshoot the problem and give your garden a strong start.

1. Your Seeds Are Too Old

Seed viability declines over time. Some varieties (like onions or spinach) only last a year or two, while others (like tomatoes or beans) can last 5+ years.

Fix: Check the seed pack date and try a germination test: damp paper towel + plastic bag + warmth. Sprouts in 5–10 days means they’re still good.

2. You Planted Too Deep

Small seeds need light to germinate. Planting too deep can smother them before they even get started.

Fix: Follow the depth guide on your seed packet. Rule of thumb: plant seeds 2–3 times as deep as they are wide.

3. It’s Too Cold (or Too Hot)

Seeds need the right temperature range to sprout. Most prefer soil temps between 65–75°F. If it’s too cold or too hot, germination slows or stops entirely.

Fix: Use a heat mat indoors or wait until outdoor soil warms. Use a soil thermometer for accuracy.

4. Your Soil Is Too Wet or Too Dry

Seeds need consistent moisture, but not soggy soil. Overwatering can rot seeds before they sprout, and dry soil halts germination.

Fix: Keep soil damp like a wrung-out sponge. Mist gently or bottom-water trays to avoid disturbance.

5. Not Enough Light (After Sprouting)

While many seeds germinate in the dark, they need strong light right after breaking the surface. Weak or indirect light can cause leggy, weak seedlings.

Fix: Place seedlings in a south-facing window or under grow lights as soon as they emerge.

6. Poor-Quality or Compacted Soil

Heavy, clay soil or cheap potting mixes can block airflow and retain too much moisture.

Fix: Use a fluffy, well-draining seed starting mix—not regular garden soil—for starting indoors.

7. They Just Need More Time

Some seeds take longer to germinate than others—parsley can take 21+ days!

Fix: Be patient. Keep the soil moist and warm. Label your trays and check the seed packet for expected germination time.

Bonus Tip: Avoid Seedling Damping Off

If seedlings sprout and suddenly flop over, that’s likely a fungal disease called damping off.

Prevent it: Use clean trays, sterile soil, and water from the bottom. Good air circulation helps, too.

Keep Growing!

Seed starting is a learning process, even for experienced gardeners. With a little patience, the right conditions, and quality seeds, you’ll get those sprouts popping in no time.

Love and Vegetables: Helping you grow with confidence—even when things don’t go as planned.